What is the purpose of the anti-lock braking system (ABS)?

The purpose of the anti-lock braking system (ABS) is to prevent the wheels from locking up during hard braking. This is crucial because when wheels lock, the vehicle can skid or lose traction, making it difficult for the driver to maintain control. ABS allows the driver to steer the vehicle while braking, which can help to avoid collisions. It achieves this by automatically regulating brake pressure to each wheel, rapidly pulsing the brakes to prevent lock-up and ensure that the tires remain in contact with the road surface. This functionality enhances both safety and control, especially in emergency braking situations or on slippery surfaces.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of ABS. For instance, increasing the speed of the vehicle during braking is counterintuitive; braking systems are designed to reduce speed. Similarly, while fuel efficiency and power steering assistance are important features in vehicles, they are not related to the function of the anti-lock braking system.